As a rule, damage is not done. My studio PC's died after a "cleaning." It literally was fine in continuous operation, then failed on a restart. (HP/Compaq). Usually when something "pops" and a power supply fails, it's capacitors in the power supply. And, while its easiest to change out the whole supply, (watch the specs and connections to get the right one)....a good technician can change out the caps. The USA electronics market actually has more than a (literal) BOATLOAD of bad caps, waiting to fail in our electronics. (From China....stolen capacitor recipe, but not stable, not complete I was told.) I've had 'em verified in two computer monitors and a full HP computer already. All have been replaced and all units saved by our radio station engineer.
My PC when it died had no other damage. Fan wouldn't start on power supply or on the motherboard, but the back LED was lighted and the front one on the switch was flickering on and off.
Usually can find info by googling your model and "power supply failure" for history of it or not.
Hope that helps, and good luck!